SER<\/em><\/strong> to tell the time, days, months, dates, and when and\/or where a particular event takes place.<\/h3>\n\n\n\nSon<\/strong> las seis en punto ahora. (Time)<\/p>\n\n\n\nIt\u2019s six o\u2019clock now<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHoy es <\/strong>lunes; ayer fue<\/strong> domingo y ma\u00f1ana ser\u00e1<\/strong> martes. (Days)<\/p>\n\n\n\n It\u2019s Monday today; it was Sunday yesterday, and it will be Tuesday tomorrow<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nLa fiesta ser\u00e1<\/strong> en septiembre. (Month)<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe party will be in September<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHoy es<\/strong> lunes, 18 de abril. (Date)<\/p>\n\n\n\nToday is Monday, April 18th<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMi cumplea\u00f1os es<\/strong> en diciembre. La fiesta ser\u00e1<\/strong> en un sal\u00f3n. (Event)<\/p>\n\n\n\n My birthday is in December. The party will be at a party room<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n6) SER<\/em> is the appropriate verb to use if we want to state the relationship between people:<\/h3>\n\n\n\nPablo y Natalia son<\/strong> hermanos.<\/p>\n\n\n\nPablo and Natalia are siblings<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nEl Sr. G\u00f3mez es <\/strong>mi jefe.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMr. G\u00f3mez is my boss<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n7) We also use<\/strong> SER<\/em><\/strong> in calculations:<\/h3>\n\n\n\nDos y dos son<\/strong> cuatro.<\/p>\n\n\n\nTwo and two are four<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n8) In passive voice, when referring to a process.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n El edificio fue<\/strong> construido en 1920.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe building was built in 1920<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/span>When to use ESTAR<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n 1) Use ESTAR<\/em> when referring to a location.<\/h3>\n\n\n\nEl banco est\u00e1<\/strong> en la esquina.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe bank is at the corner<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMadrid est\u00e1<\/strong> en Espa\u00f1a.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMadrid is in Spain<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n2) We also use ESTAR to present a temporary characteristic, one that is not considered an innate quality of an object, person, or situation.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n Hoy est\u00e1<\/strong> bastante fresco a pesar de ser verano.<\/p>\n\n\n\nIt\u2019s pretty cool today, despite it being summer<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nCamarero, esta sopa est\u00e1<\/strong> fr\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\nWaiter, this soup is cold<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00a1Hola! \u00bfC\u00f3mo est\u00e1s<\/strong> hoy?<\/p>\n\n\n\nHi! How are you today<\/em>?<\/p>\n\n\n\nIn this sense, ESTAR is followed by certain participles to indicate a state. In these constructions, the participle functions as an adjective so it agrees in gender and number with the noun that it modifies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Las tiendas est\u00e1n cerradas<\/strong> en d\u00edas feriados.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe stores are closed on holidays<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nEl televisor est\u00e1 roto<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe TV is broken<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n3) ESTAR<\/em> is used to refer to temporary states of mind, as opposed to personality traits.<\/h3>\n\n\n\nEugenia es<\/strong> muy tranquila, pero hoy est\u00e1<\/strong> nerviosa porque tiene un examen.<\/p>\n\n\n\nEugenia is very quiet, but she\u2019s nervous today because she\u2019s taking an exam<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMi padre est\u00e1<\/strong> preocupado porque su coche no funciona bien.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMy father\u2019s worried because his car isn\u2019t working well<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nSome adjectives are always used with ESTAR<\/em>, because they can only refer to temporary states: cansado\/a, preocupado\/a, contento\/a, enfermo\/a, enamorado\/a<\/em>, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\nJos\u00e9 no ha ido a trabajar hoy porque est\u00e1 enfermo<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nJos\u00e9 hasn\u2019t gone to work today because he\u2019s ill<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nLos ni\u00f1os est\u00e1n contentos<\/strong> porque ir\u00e1n al parque.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe kids are happy because they\u2019re going to the park<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n4) ESTAR + gerund<\/strong> (be + gerund) refers to an action that is, was, or will be in progress at a specific time, or for a short period of time. Its duration is emphasized.<\/h3>\n\n\n\nEn este momento estoy estudiando<\/strong> espa\u00f1ol. (At this moment)<\/p>\n\n\n\nI\u2019m studying Spanish right now<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nSiempre trabajo en la ma\u00f1ana, pero esta semana estoy trabajando<\/strong> por la tarde. (For a short period of time)<\/p>\n\n\n\nI always work in the morning, but this week I\u2019m working in the afternoon<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n5) In passive sentences, ESTAR can be used to refer to the result of an action, as opposed to the process.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n Esta mesa est\u00e1 hecha<\/strong> de madera.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThis table is made of wood<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nEl trabajo ya est\u00e1 terminado<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe work is already finished<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/span>SER and ESTAR Comparison Worksheet<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n There are occasions in which using SER<\/em><\/strong> or ESTAR<\/em> can convey different meanings when followed by the same adjective.<\/p>\n\n\n\nSER and ESTAR<\/span><\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>SER<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>ESTAR<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>SER BUENO\/A:<\/strong> being a good person Rosal\u00eda es<\/u><\/strong> buena<\/strong> y amable. Rosal\u00eda is good and kind<\/em>.<\/td>ESTAR BUENO\/A:<\/strong> being good-looking Rosal\u00eda est\u00e1 buena<\/u><\/strong>.